Supply Chain Logistics Battlefield: Yuav Ua Li Cas Tsim Pab Pawg Neeg Txawj Ntse
Supply Chain Logistics Battlefield: Yuav Ua Li Cas Tsim Pab Pawg Neeg Txawj Ntse
Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub kev sib tshuam, kev xa khoom xa khoom xa tuaj tau dhau los ua lub siab ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Nws tsis tsuas yog tuav lub neej ntawm kev lag luam, tab sis kuj yog tus yuam sij rau kev sib tw hauv tebchaws. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam, cov khoom siv saw hlau logistics tau ntsib cov teeb meem uas tsis tau muaj dua los thiab cov hauv kev. Los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam e-lag luam mus rau qhov nyuaj thiab hloov pauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, los ntawm kev nce qib sai ntawm cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis mus rau qhov kev xav tau nruj zuj zus ntxiv rau ib puag ncig kev ruaj ntseg, tag nrho cov no tau ua rau muaj kev xav tau ntau dua rau cov khoom siv logistics txuj ci.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Federation of Logistics thiab Purchasing, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam logistics tau raug ranked thawj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no rau ob peb xyoos sib law liag, nrog ntau tshaj 400000 logistics ntsig txog cov koom haum raws li txoj cai thiab ntau tshaj 55 lab tus neeg ua haujlwm logistics, tsim kom muaj kev thov rau ntau tshaj 1 lab tus tib neeg. txhua xyoo. Tam sim no, muaj 170000 tus neeg kawm tiav los ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab kev xa khoom loj hauv cov tsev kawm qib siab tshaj lij txhua xyoo, uas nyuaj rau kev ua kom tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov khoom siv logistics txuj ci tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem ceev.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, kev sib tw yav tom ntej yuav tsis yog ntawm cov lag luam, tab sis kuj ntawm cov saw hlau. Nyob rau hauv xws li kev sib tw, cov txuj ci, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muab cov saw logistics txuj ci nrog lub ntiaj teb kev xav, kev xav tshiab, thiab kev muaj peev xwm ua tau, yuav dhau los ua tus yuam sij rau kev yeej rau yav tom ntej rau kev lag luam thiab txawm lub teb chaws. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav piav qhia txog qhov xwm txheej ceev, cov teeb meem, thiab lub cib fim ntawm kev cog qoob loo hauv kev xa khoom xa khoom xa tuaj, thiab qhia cov tswv yim thiab cov tswv yim ua tau thiab ua tau.
01 Cov kev xav tau siab dua rau cov txuj ci raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm plaub qhov kev lag luam loj
Lub complexity thiab ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov mov saw logistics kev lag luam: Kev lag luam npog tag nrho cov txheej txheem los ntawm raw khoom, kev tsim khoom mus rau cov khoom muag, koom nrog ntau sub sectors xws li khaub ncaws, neeg siv khoom, tsheb, thiab cov khoom tshiab. Piv txwv li, los ntawm cov khoom siv logistics ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li thee, roj av, tshuaj lom neeg thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam, mus rau cov khoom siv thauj khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom lag luam xws li steel, cov khoom lag luam, thiab cov khoom tshwj xeeb, thiab thaum kawg mus rau cov saw hlau ntawm Cov khoom kawg xws li kev xa khoom sai, cov khoom siv, thiab tsheb tsheb. Txhua qhov chaw muaj nws cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab cov kev sib tw, xws li cov saw hlau txias uas yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, thaum lub tsheb logistics yuav tsum xav txog kev thauj mus los thiab kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom loj. Qhov no yuav tsum tau muab cov txuj ci ntawm cov saw hlau tsis yog kom muaj kev paub dav dav, tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem nkag siab tob txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev lag luam tshwj xeeb.
Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov dej ntws thiab cov dej ntws hauv qab hauv cov khoom siv: Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab saud feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev yuav khoom thiab cov khoom siv raw, thaum cov dej ntws qis txuas nrog rau kev faib khoom thiab muag khoom. Qhov kev thov thiab cov qauv rau kev xa khoom sib txawv hauv ntau theem. Piv txwv li, cov dej ntws tawm tuaj yeem tsom ntau dua rau kev tswj hwm tus nqi thiab kev ruaj ntseg, thaum cov dej hauv qab them nyiaj ntau dua rau kev xa khoom ceev thiab cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj cov kws tshaj lij cov khoom lag luam kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev qhuab qhia thiab kev sib koom ua ke. Piv txwv li, kev tswj cov saw hlau hauv kev lag luam chemical yuav tsum muaj kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig zoo vim muaj qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj.
Qhov no xav kom cov neeg ua haujlwm saw hlau tsis yog tsuas yog muaj kev paub txog kev xa khoom, tab sis kuj yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov cai, cov cai, thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb. Piv txwv li, muab cov saw hlau logistics kev pabcuam nyiaj txiag rau kev lag luam tiag tiag xav tau cov peev txheej ntawm cov saw hlau kom tsis txhob nkag siab txog kev tswj cov saw hlau, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev paub txog nyiaj txiag los muab cov peev txheej tau zoo thiab yooj yim.
Kev hloov pauv kev lag luam thev naus laus zis: Nrog rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis xws li kev txawj ntse, cov ntaub ntawv loj, thiab Is Taws Nem ntawm Yam, kev lag luam xa khoom xa khoom xa tawm tau dhau los ua kev hloov pauv digital thiab ntse. Piv txwv li, JD Logistics muab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov saw hlau logistics kev pabcuam los ntawm kev tsim kom muaj kev sib koom tes sib koom ua ke nrog kev txawj ntse warehousing raws li nws lub hauv paus, ua ke nrog cov ntaub ntawv-tsav thiab algorithm tsav kev ua haujlwm automation. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj cov txuj ci ntawm cov saw hlau tsis yog tsuas yog paub txog kev tswj hwm kev lag luam ib txwm muaj, tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem paub cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis xws li kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv loj, huab xam, thiab Is Taws Nem ntawm Yam los txhim kho pob tshab, teb ceev, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. saw hlau.
Cov qauv ntawm ntsuab thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov: Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev hloov pauv huab cua thoob ntiaj teb thiab teeb meem ib puag ncig, ntsuab thiab kev lag luam txuas txuas txuas txuas ntxiv tau txais kev saib xyuas ntxiv. Cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum tau siv zog txuag hluav taws xob thiab txo qis kev ntsuas hauv ntau qhov sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv logistics, xws li kev txhim kho txoj kev thauj mus los thiab siv cov khoom ntim khoom zoo ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, SF Technology tau txhim kho cov kev ua haujlwm ntsuab thiab cov pa roj carbon tsawg ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm nws tus kheej tsim cov saw hlau logistics carbon hneev taw tswj kev tswj hwm, qhia tias cov saw hlau muaj peev xwm xav tau kom muaj kev paub txog ib puag ncig thiab kev tswj hwm kev sib raug zoo.
02 Cov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm cov khoom lag luam muaj peev xwm
1, Traditional logistics cov kws tshaj lij muaj ntau, thaum cov kws tshaj lij saw hlau tsis tshua muaj. Tam sim no, muaj ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev thauj mus los, chaw khaws khoom thiab lwm yam haujlwm hauv kev lag luam logistics, tab sis kuj muaj qee tus neeg txawj ntse uas muaj cov tswv yim tswj xyuas cov saw hlau thiab kev txawj ntse. Raws li Ren Haoxiang, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Tuam Tshoj Federation of Logistics thiab Purchasing, nyob rau hauv kev xam phaj tshwj xeeb ntawm CCTV "14th Tsib Xyoo Plan" cov saw hlau rau lub Ib Hlis 22, 2021, yuav muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm kwv yees li 4.3 lab cov khoom muaj peev xwm hauv Suav teb. peb xyoos tom ntej no.
Los ntawm qhov kev thov sab, Suav tuam txhab muaj kev xav tau siab rau cov khoom lag luam kev txawj ntse. Raws li Daim Ntawv Dawb ntawm Supply Chain Talents hauv Suav Lag Luam (2021), qhov kev thov rau cov khoom lag luam muaj peev xwm hauv Suav lag luam hauv xyoo 2021 yog 940000, suav nrog 400000 rau kev tswj cov txuj ci thiab 350000 rau kev ua haujlwm txuj ci.
Los ntawm cov khoom siv sab nraud, muaj qhov tsis txaus loj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv Suav teb. Raws li kev txheeb cais ntawm Tuam Tshoj Federation of Logistics thiab Purchasing, tam sim no muaj txog 2 lab tus neeg ua haujlwm koom nrog kev tswj cov saw hlau, tab sis tsuas yog 600000 cov txuj ci nrog cov theoretical thiab cov peev xwm ua tau zoo hauv kev tswj cov saw hlau, nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm 50%. Qhov no ua rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm kev npaj, kev sib koom ua ke, thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ua kom tau raws li qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom lag luam.
2, Lub voj voog kev cob qhia rau cov khoom siv logistics txuj ci yog ntev. Supply chain logistics suav nrog kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog kev tswj hwm logistics, kev tswj xyuas kev yuav khoom, kev npaj tsim khoom, cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis, thiab lwm yam, uas yuav tsum muaj kev xav tau siab rau kev tsim cov khoom siv saw hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim kho lub sij hawm ntawm kev tswj cov saw hlau loj yog luv luv, thiab cov txuj ci kev cob qhia tseem tsis tau zoo tag nrho. Kev cob qhia txuj ci ntawm kev tswj hwm cov khoom lag luam loj yog feem ntau yog los ntawm kev qhia theoretical, thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm ua haujlwm, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev sib xyaw theoretical kev paub nrog kev xyaum. Yog li ntawd, kev cog qoob loo tsim nyog cov khoom lag luam logistics txuj ci yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntev thiab kev cob qhia ua haujlwm, nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev paub hauv kev ua haujlwm. Lub voj voog kev cob qhia yog ntev heev, feem ntau siv 3-5 xyoo los cog cov khoom lag luam uas muaj kev txawj ntse.
3, Kev lag luam yog kev loj hlob sai. Nrog kev nce qib ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua lag luam, kev lag luam cov khoom lag luam tseem niaj hnub tsim thiab tsim kho tshiab, thiab cov kev xav tau rau cov txuj ci tau nce siab. Cov yam ntxwv thiab kev xav tau ntawm cov saw hlau sib txawv sib txawv ntawm cov kev lag luam sib txawv, xav tau cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam nrog kev paub txog kev lag luam tshwj xeeb thiab kev paub dhau los. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm cov khoom lag luam muaj peev xwm hauv kev lag luam tam sim no tsis muaj kev lag luam tshwj xeeb, thiab kev lag luam hloov pauv tas li, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam e-lag luam thiab kev lag luam ntim khoom noj ua ntej hauv peb lub xyoos dhau los, uas tau nce siab dua cov kev xav tau rau saj zawg zog ntau lawm muaj peev xwm thiab nruab nrab chav ua noj ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub mov saw, deepening qhov kev thov rau mov saw logistics cov tub txawg.
03 Cov lus qhia rau kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov khoom muaj peev xwm
Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem ntawm cov txuj ci tsis txaus nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv, nws yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom tes los ntawm ntau lub tog xws li tsoomfwv, tsev kawm qib siab, thiab cov lag luam. Tsoomfwv tuaj yeem nthuav qhia cov cai cuam tshuam los txhawb cov tsev kawm qib siab thiab cov lag luam kom ntxiv dag zog rau kev koom tes thiab sib koom ua ke txhawb nqa cov txuj ci kev sib txuas. Cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog rau kev tsim kho cov khoom lag luam kev tswj hwm kev lag luam, txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev kawm, ua kom cov kev qhia siv tau zoo, thiab txhawb nqa cov khoom lag luam kev txawj ntse uas ua tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam. Cov tuam txhab lag luam tuaj yeem nce lawv txoj kev cob qhia rau cov neeg ua haujlwm txhawm rau txhim kho lawv cov peev txheej thiab kev txawj ntse. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam tseem xav tau cov peev txheej hauv kev lag luam kom txuas ntxiv kawm, txhim kho lawv cov kev txawj ua haujlwm, thiab muaj peev xwm ntsuas tus kheej thiab txhim kho lawv cov txiaj ntsig ua haujlwm.
Qhia txog kev cob qhia cov txuj ci kev cob qhia cov cai thiab kev sib txuas lus platform. Koom tes nrog kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov peev txheej hauv lub tebchaws thiab cov phiaj xwm kev loj hlob hauv zos, qhia meej cov hom phiaj, cov dej num, thiab kev ntsuas, qhia cov cai xws li kev txhawb nqa se, kev pab nyiaj txiag, thiab kev daws cov txuj ci, thiab txhawb cov tuam txhab thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv kom loj hlob cov txuj ci kev lag luam. Txhua lub xeev, nroog, thiab lub nroog yuav tsum tsim cov nyiaj tshwj xeeb los pab txhawb cov kev cob qhia kev txawj ntse raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev txhim kho, xws li kev tsim kho tsev kawm ntawv kev qhuab qhia thiab kev cob qhia kev lag luam.
Npaj cov khoom lag luam kev sib pauv txuj ci kev ua ub no, muab cov ntaub ntawv kev pabcuam rau cov khoom lag luam cov txuj ci, suav nrog cov qauv kev lag luam, cov cai thiab cov kev cai, cov ntaub ntawv nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam, qhia cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws kev tswj hwm kev txawj ntse los ntawm txawv teb chaws, thiab muab kev siv thiab kev taw qhia rau kev txhim kho cov khoom siv hauv tsev. saw kev lag luam.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 2024, Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology, ua ke nrog Ministry of Transport thiab Ministry of Commerce, tau tshaj tawm "Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Txhim Kho Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Kev Tswj Xyuas Qib ntawm Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam (Kev sim)", hais txog kev txhawb nqa ntawm kev pabcuam kev txawj ntse, txhawb kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev kawm, thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kawm, thiab tsim kev paub txog kev txawj ntse, kev txawj ntse, thiab kev tsim kho tshiab. muab saw hlau tswj txuj ci.
Txhim kho txoj kev kawm txuj ci kev kawm txuj ci muab saw hlau. Cov tsev kawm qib siab thiab tsev kawm qib siab yuav tsum ua kom zoo dua lawv cov chav kawm raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam, ntxiv dag zog rau kev tsim cov chav kawm xws li kev tswj hwm kev yuav khoom thiab kev tswj xyuas kev thauj mus los, thiab xyuas kom cov tub ntxhais kawm paub txog kev paub zoo. Txhim khu kev qhia tswv yim, koom tes nrog cov lag luam los tsim cov hauv paus tswv yim, tso cai rau cov tub ntxhais kawm koom nrog kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag, thiab sib sau ua ke los ntawm kev xyaum ua haujlwm, kev cob qhia, kev kawm tiav, thiab lwm yam kev sib txuas.
Guangdong University of Finance tau cog lus los tsim "kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, kev tsim kho tshiab, thiab ua tau zoo" siv cov khoom lag luam kev txawj ntse raws li kev lag luam nyiaj txiag. Ntxiv dag zog rau kev tsim kho cov neeg ua haujlwm qhia, cov tsev kawm qib siab tuaj yeem caw cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam los qhia lossis tuav cov lus qhuab qhia, tso cai rau cov kws qhia ntawv ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam rau kev cob qhia, txhim kho lawv cov peev xwm ua tau zoo, thiab tsim cov khoom lag luam cov txuj ci uas ua tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam. Txoj haujlwm tsim kho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob digital kev cob qhia kev txawj ntse ntawm Fuzhou University txais yuav qhib kev sib tw thiab qhia txog kev lag luam-taw qhia kev ua haujlwm pab pawg los pab cov kws qhia ntawv hauv kev txhim kho lawv cov khoom lag luam kev qhia qib.
Ntxiv dag zog rau kev cob qhia cov tswv yim rau cov khoom muaj peev xwm. Tsim cov kev cob qhia tus kheej raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua thiab cov phiaj xwm txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, suav nrog kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse hauv txhua yam ntawm cov khoom siv. Kev siv ntau txoj hauv kev xws li kev kawm online, kev txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej, simulation kev tawm dag zog, thiab kev sib hloov txoj haujlwm los txhim kho qhov cuam tshuam thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev cob qhia. Cov khoom siv tes ua haujlwm yuav tsum muaj ntau yam kev paub dhau los. Los ntawm kev tig los ntawm txoj haujlwm xws li kev yuav khoom, kev tsim khoom, kev tsim khoom, thiab kev thauj mus los, lawv tuaj yeem nkag siab tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov saw hlau thiab txhim kho lawv cov peev txheej tswj hwm.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum tsim kom muaj lub suab ntsuas kev ntsuas kom tsis tu ncua ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev cob qhia thiab muab lub hauv paus rau kev kho thiab ua kom zoo dua cov phiaj xwm kev cob qhia. JD Logistics Group tau ua tiav kev lag luam hauv tsev kawm tshawb fawb kev koom tes nrog Hunan University of Technology, Shenzhen University of Technology, Beijing Changping Vocational School thiab lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv, thiab tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev kawm ntawv chav kawm; Sanya College tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus nrog Chuanhua Zhilian los daws Chuanhua Supply Chain Industry College, thiab Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Tswj Lag Luam ntawm Hubei University of Economics tau koom tes nrog Jiuzhou Tong Pharmaceutical Group los qhia Jiuzhou Tong cov kws kho mob kev cob qhia cov txheej txheem thiab muab "Enterprise Executive Classroom "thiab lwm yam kev pab cuam.
Tsim kom muaj cov saw hlau logistics ntawv pov thawj system. Thawj coj los ntawm tsoomfwv cov chaw haujlwm lossis cov koom haum kev lag luam, tsim kom muaj kev tso cai muab cov saw hlau pov thawj lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov qauv ntawv pov thawj thiab cov ntawv xeem. Tsis tu ncua kev xeem ntawv pov thawj, uas suav nrog kev paub theoretical thiab kev txawj ua haujlwm.
Cov neeg uas xeem dhau qhov kev xeem tuaj yeem tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj zoo sib xws. Tsim cov ntaub ntawv credit rau cov neeg ua haujlwm pov thawj thiab taug qab thiab tswj hwm lawv txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab kev coj ua haujlwm. Lub "Supply Chain Management Expert SCMP" tsim los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Federation of Logistics thiab Kev yuav khoom muaj kev ntseeg tau zoo, thiab cov ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov saw hlau tswj kev muaj peev xwm muab los ntawm International Green Supply Chain Management Alliance kuj muaj zog.
Qhia txuj ci rau kev txhim kho tus kheej. Cov neeg muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum tsim kom muaj lub tswv yim kev kawm tas mus li, ua tib zoo mloog rau kev lag luam tiam sis thiab kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis, thiab hloov kho lawv cov kev paub tas li. Master txoj kev kawm txuj ci, txhim kho kev kawm tau zoo, thiab tsom mus rau kev siv cov txuj ci kawm mus rau kev ua haujlwm. Koom tes nrog cov haujlwm sab hauv thiab ua haujlwm hauv lub tuam txhab, nthuav dav txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm los ntawm kev sib hloov thiab lwm yam, thiab txhim kho lub peev xwm los daws cov teeb meem ua tau zoo.
04 Xaus
Kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov khoom siv saw hlau logistics txuj ci yog ib txoj haujlwm ntev thiab nyuaj. Cov tuam txhab lag luam thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum ua haujlwm ua ke los tsim cov kev kawm tshawb fawb thiab tsim nyog los txhim kho cov txuj ci thiab kev txawj ntse. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov txuj ci lawv tus kheej yuav tsum tau kawm tas li thiab txhim kho kom haum rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam sai. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev no peb tuaj yeem muab cov txuj ci muaj zog txhawb nqa rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam thiab txhawb kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv logistics kev lag luam.
